Maintenance and Repair Workers, General

Overview

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Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed
Experience

Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job.

Education

Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree.

Job Training

Employees in these occupations usually need one or two years of training involving both on-the-job experience and informal training with experienced workers. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with these occupations.

Examples

These occupations usually involve using communication and organizational skills to coordinate, supervise, manage, or train others to accomplish goals. Examples include hydroelectric production managers, desktop publishers, electricians, agricultural technicians, barbers, court reporters and simultaneous captioners, and medical assistants.

Perform work involving the skills of two or more maintenance or craft occupations to keep machines, mechanical equipment, or the structure of a building in repair. Duties may involve pipe fitting; HVAC maintenance; insulating; welding; machining; carpentry; repairing electrical or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning, and balancing new equipment; and repairing buildings, floors, or stairs.

Yearly Salary

High: $65K
Median: $40K
Low: $26K

Demand

Career Demand by State Career Demand by State Legend

Core Tasks

  • Perform routine maintenance, such as inspecting drives, motors, or belts, checking fluid levels, replacing filters, or doing other preventive maintenance actions.
  • Inspect, operate, or test machinery or equipment to diagnose machine malfunctions.
  • Adjust functional parts of devices or control instruments, using hand tools, levels, plumb bobs, or straightedges.
  • Repair machines, equipment, or structures, using tools such as hammers, hoists, saws, drills, wrenches, or equipment such as precision measuring instruments or electrical or electronic testing devices.
  • Order parts, supplies, or equipment from catalogs or suppliers.
  • Perform routine maintenance on boilers, such as replacing burners or hoses, installing replacement parts, or reinforcing structural weaknesses to ensure optimal boiler efficiency.
  • Design new equipment to aid in the repair or maintenance of machines, mechanical equipment, or building structures.
  • Diagnose mechanical problems and determine how to correct them, checking blueprints, repair manuals, or parts catalogs, as necessary.
  • Assemble, install, or repair wiring, electrical or electronic components, pipe systems, plumbing, machinery, or equipment.
  • Clean or lubricate shafts, bearings, gears, or other parts of machinery.
  • Provide groundskeeping services, such as landscaping or snow removal.
  • Align and balance new equipment after installation.
  • Dismantle machines, equipment, or devices to access and remove defective parts, using hoists, cranes, hand tools, or power tools.
  • Estimate costs to repair machinery, equipment, or building structures.
  • Maintain or repair specialized equipment or machinery located in cafeterias, laundries, hospitals, stores, offices, or factories.
  • Operate cutting torches or welding equipment to cut or join metal parts.
  • Record type and cost of maintenance or repair work.
  • Inspect used parts to determine changes in dimensional requirements, using rules, calipers, micrometers, or other measuring instruments.
  • Plan and lay out repair work, using diagrams, drawings, blueprints, maintenance manuals, or schematic diagrams.
  • Install equipment to improve the energy or operational efficiency of residential or commercial buildings.
  • Assemble boilers at installation sites, using tools such as levels, plumb bobs, hammers, torches, or other hand tools.
  • Perform general cleaning of buildings or properties.
  • Set up and operate machine tools to repair or fabricate machine parts, jigs, fixtures, or tools.
  • Train or manage maintenance personnel or subcontractors.
  • Fabricate or repair counters, benches, partitions, or other wooden structures, such as sheds or outbuildings.
  • Paint or repair roofs, windows, doors, floors, woodwork, plaster, drywall, or other parts of building structures.
  • Position, attach, or blow insulating materials to prevent energy losses from buildings, pipes, or other structures or objects.

Technology Skills

Technology
Example
Hot Technology
Calendar and scheduling software
Computerized time management systems
Cloud-based data access and sharing software
Dropbox
Computer aided design CAD software
Autodesk AutoCAD
Data base user interface and query software
Yardi software
Desktop communications software
Eko
Development environment software
National Instruments LabVIEW
Electronic mail software
Microsoft Outlook
Enterprise resource planning ERP software
SAP software
Facilities management software
Computerized maintenance management system CMMS
Industrial control software
Supervisory control and data acquisition SCADA software
Instant messaging software
GroupMe
Internet browser software
Web browser software
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Operating system software
Apple macOS
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Project management software
Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Video conferencing software
FaceTime
Video creation and editing software
YouTube
Web page creation and editing software
Facebook
Word processing software
Microsoft Word

Tools Used

Tool
Example
Arts and crafts equipment and accessories and supplies
Mitre boxes
Cleaning and janitorial supplies
Industrial brooms
Communications Devices and Accessories
Portable two way radios
Computer Equipment and Accessories
Handheld computers
Construction and maintenance support equipment
Scaffolding
Hand tools
Claw hammers
Heavy construction machinery and equipment
Snowplows
Industrial pumps and compressors
Sewage pumps
Janitorial equipment
High pressure water sprayers
Laboratory and scientific equipment
Water samplers
Material handling machinery and equipment
Hydraulic boom trucks
Measuring and observing and testing instruments
Current testers
Metal cutting machinery and accessories
Conduit cutters
Metal forming machinery and accessories
Tube benders
Motor vehicles
Dump trucks
Paints and primers and finishes
Paint application rollers
Personal safety and protection
Protective harnesses
Pneumatic machinery and equipment
Jackhammers
Raw materials processing machinery
Drill presses
Security surveillance and detection
Security alarm systems
Welding and soldering and brazing machinery and accessories and supplies
Portable welding machines
Well drilling and operation equipment
Rotary hammers

Top 10 Knowledge Required

Mechanical
81%
Importance

Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.

Building and Construction
74%
Importance

Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.

English Language
74%
Importance

Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.

Mathematics
67%
Importance

Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.

Production and Processing
62%
Importance

Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.

Customer and Personal Service
59%
Importance

Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.

Public Safety and Security
53%
Importance

Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.

Engineering and Technology
51%
Importance

Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.

Education and Training
48%
Importance

Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

Design
47%
Importance

Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.

Top 10 Skills

Equipment Maintenance
78%
Importance

Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.

Repairing
78%
Importance

Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

Troubleshooting
75%
Importance

Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

Critical Thinking
65%
Importance

Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.

Active Learning
63%
Importance

Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

Complex Problem Solving
63%
Importance

Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

Monitoring
63%
Importance

Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.

Operation and Control
63%
Importance

Controlling operations of equipment or systems.

Operations Monitoring
63%
Importance

Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.

Quality Control Analysis
63%
Importance

Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.

Top 10 Abilities

Arm-Hand Steadiness
78%
Importance

The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.

Information Ordering
78%
Importance

The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).

Manual Dexterity
78%
Importance

The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.

Near Vision
78%
Importance

The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).

Problem Sensitivity
75%
Importance

The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.

Control Precision
68%
Importance

The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.

Oral Expression
68%
Importance

The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.

Visualization
68%
Importance

The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.

Deductive Reasoning
65%
Importance

The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.

Finger Dexterity
65%
Importance

The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.

Top 10 Work Activities

Making Decisions and Solving Problems
91%
Importance

Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.

Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials
90%
Importance

Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.

Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates
88%
Importance

Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.

Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment
87%
Importance

Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Getting Information
85%
Importance

Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.

Handling and Moving Objects
84%
Importance

Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.

Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events
84%
Importance

Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.

Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment
84%
Importance

Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.

Controlling Machines and Processes
82%
Importance

Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).

Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work
82%
Importance

Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.

Detailed Work Activities

  • Inspect mechanical components of vehicles to identify problems.
  • Replace worn, damaged, or defective mechanical parts.
  • Inspect mechanical equipment to locate damage, defects, or wear.
  • Test mechanical equipment to ensure proper functioning.
  • Adjust equipment to ensure optimal performance.
  • Perform basic equipment maintenance.
  • Repair structural components.
  • Order materials, supplies, or equipment.
  • Read technical information needed to perform maintenance or repairs.
  • Troubleshoot equipment or systems operation problems.
  • Develop equipment or component configurations.
  • Assemble electrical components, subsystems, or systems.
  • Install electrical components, equipment, or systems.
  • Repair electrical circuits or wiring.
  • Clean equipment, parts, or tools to repair or maintain them in good working order.
  • Lubricate equipment to allow proper functioning.
  • Estimate costs for labor or materials.
  • Align equipment or machinery.
  • Record information about parts, materials or repair procedures.
  • Maintain work equipment or machinery.
  • Disassemble equipment for maintenance or repair.
  • Operate cranes, hoists, or other moving or lifting equipment.
  • Plan work procedures.
  • Lay out work according to specifications.
  • Install energy-efficient heating, ventilation, or air conditioning (HVAC) equipment.
  • Fabricate parts or components.
  • Clean work areas.
  • Train others in operational procedures.
  • Supervise employees.
  • Assemble structural components.
  • Paint surfaces or equipment.
  • Install machine or equipment replacement parts.
  • Remove snow.
  • Perform manual agricultural, aquacultural, or horticultural tasks.
  • Operate welding equipment.
  • Measure distances or dimensions.
  • Assemble mechanical components or machine parts.
  • Install insulation in equipment or structures.

Education

Interests

Realistic
100%
Importance

Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Conventional
60%
Importance

Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.

Investigative
36%
Importance

Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.

Social
26%
Importance

Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.

Enterprising
22%
Importance

Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.

Artistic
18%
Importance

Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

Work Values

Support
72%
Importance

Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.

Independence
58%
Importance

Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.

Relationships
58%
Importance

Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.

Working Conditions
53%
Importance

Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.

Achievement
48%
Importance

Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.

Recognition
39%
Importance

Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.